Assembling Computer-2

Processor:

1. The primary chip of the system that oversees all the other components of the system.The processor (CPU or microprocessor) is the brain of computer.
2. It reads instructions from the software and tells the computer what to do. The speed at which the CPU processes information internally is measured in MegaHertz (MHz) and GigaHertz (GHz). 1 GHz is equal to 1,000 MHz.
3. A silicon chip that contains a CPU. In the world of personal computers, the terms microprocessor and CPU are used interchangeably.Microprocessors control the logic of almost all digital devices, from clock radios to fuel-injection systems for automobiles.
   Three basic characteristics differentiate microprocessors:
   Instruction set: The set of instructions that the microprocessor can execute.
   bandwidth : The number of bits processed in a single instruction.
   clock speed : Given in megahertz (MHz), the clock speed determines how many instructions per second the processor can execute.
   In both cases, the higher the value, the more powerful the CPU. For example, a 32-bit microprocessor that runs at 50MHz is more powerful than a 16-bit microprocessor that runs at 25MHz.

Motherboard:

1. The main printed circuit board in a computer that carries the system buses. It is equipped with sockets to which all processors, memory modules …
2. The motherboard, also sometimes referred to as the mainboard, is a collection of devices (together on one large circuit board) that control the flow of data and operating electricity for all the primary components in a PC – for example, the CPU, memory, graphics adapter and sound card.
3. Also known as the logic board, or computer board the computer’s main board and in most cases holds all CPU, memory, and I/O functions or has expansion slots for them.

Hard Drive:

1. A rigid non-removable disk in a computer and the drive that houses it. Hard disks store more data and can be accessed quicker than floppy disks.
2. The hard drive stores all the computer’s information and retains the information when the computer is turned off. A fast hard drive is needed to supply the CPU with data as fast as it needs it. Hard drive sizes are typically measured in GigaBytes.
3. Hard Disk is an internal magnetic storage disk that contains application files, the operating system, documents, media files and other software.
   

RAM:

1. RAM is Random Access Memory.
2. RAM is the area where your computer stores programs that you are currently running and data that you are currently working on Computer.
3. RAM provides space for your computer to read and write data to be accessed by the CPU

Computer Cabinet:

1. The cabinet includes an internal chamber defined by a side wall arrangement having at least a front wall. The cabinet includes a support structure for computer devices, wherein the support structure is positioned within the internal chamber of the cabinet.
2. A cabinet is very useful for fixing the Devices and motherboard chipset SMPS etc…
3. A cabinet for housing computer devices with an internal air distribution system is disclosed.

Floppy Disk:

1. A soft magnetic disk. It is called floppy because it flops if you wave it (at least, the 5¼-inch variety does).
2. Floppy disks are slower to access than hard disks and have less storage capacity, but they are much less expensive. And most importantly, they are portable.
3. Unlike most hard disks, floppy disks (often called floppies or diskettes) are portable, because you can remove them from a disk drive.

CD Drive:

1. A Compact Disc drive, used to read data CDs (also called CD-ROMs).
2. A CD can store up to 650 Megabytes (millions of characters). These days, new programs and data are often distributed on CD-ROM, so a CD-Drive is almost mandatory.
3. A feature of many CD-R drives, called multisession recording, enables you to keep adding data to a CD-ROM over time. This is extremely important if you want to use the CD-R drive to create backup

   CD-ROMs.

Display Card:

1. Display card / Display flat Picture, title or colour display on card for promoting an artist or single. Usually the type of thing you would see stapled to the wall of your local record store.

Sound Card:

1. An expansion board that enables a computer to manipulate and output sounds.
2. Sound cards are necessary for nearly all CD-ROMs and have become common place on modern personal computers. Sound cards enable the computer to output sound through speakers connected to the board, to record sound input from a microphone connected to the computer, and manipulate sound stored on a disk.
3. Sound cards use two basic methods to translate digital data into analog sounds:
   FM Synthesis mimics different musical instruments according to built-in formulas.
   Wavetable Synthesis relies on recordings of actual instruments to produce sound. Wavetable synthesis produces more accurate sound, but is also more expensive.

Modem:

1. MODEM means for modulator-demodulator.
2. A modem is a communications device that can be either internal or external to your computer.
3. It allows one computer to connect another computer and transfer data over telephone lines.
4. The original dial-up modems are becoming obsolete because of their slow speeds and are being replaced by the much faster cable and DSL modems.

LAN Card:

1. LAN is called Local Area Network.Lan card is also known as Ethernet Card.
2. It provides physical access to a networking medium and provides a low-level addressing system through the use of MAC addresses. It allows users to connect to each other either by using cables or wirelessly.
3. Every Ethernet network card has a unique 48-bit serial number called a MAC address, which is stored in ROM carried on the card. Every computer on an Ethernet network must have a card with a unique MAC address. No two cards ever manufactured share the same address.

Graphics Card:

1. Graphics cards take data from the CPU and turn it into pictures.The equipment inside a computer that creates the image on the screen.
2. This device controls your monitor. The more RAM you have in a video card usually increases the performance of things like games.
3. A peripheral device that attaches to the PCI or AGP slot in your computer to enable the computer to process and deliver video. Once installed in the computer, a cable is used to attach the graphics card to a computer monitor.

Daughterboard:

1. A board that attaches to (rides piggyback on) another board, such as the motherboard or an expansion card. For example, you can often add a daughtercard containing additional memory to an accelerator card.
2. A board that attaches to another board (ie the motherboard).

SMPS:

1. SMPS is defined as Switching-mode power supply circuit .
2. SMPS are usually used instead of direct linear power supply units in computer.
3. SMPS is smaller in size and lighter weight from the elimination of low frequency transformers and lower heat generation from the higher efficiency.

UPS:

1. UPS stands for uninterruptible power supply.
2. UPS power supply that includes a battery to maintain power in the event of a power outage.
3. Typically, a UPS keeps a computer running for several minutes after a power outage, enabling you to save data that is in RAM and shut down the computer gracefully.

PicoPSU:

1. PicoPSU stands for pico Power supply unit.
2. Introducing picoPSU-80, world’

   s tiniest 12V DC-DC ATX power supply unit (PSU) yet it is powerful.

3. The picoPSU-80 can power all Jetway and VIA EPIA Mini-ITX boards with C3 or C7 processors.

USB Port:

1. USB port stands for Universal Serial Bus port.
2. This storage drive is also referred to as a thumb drive. It is a small, finger-sized, portable device for data storage.
3. USB devices can be plugged directly into the back of the computer. Some computers have USB ports in the front. Keyboards and monitors may also have USB ports to act as a “hub” to the computer.

Data Cable:

1. This is a very important device that which is used to connect the Device to the motherboard or power supply unit (SMPS).
2. It consists of 3 major slots they are 1)Master(connected to the Device) 2)Primary Slave 3)Secondary slave(Connected to the motherboard)

SATA Cable:

1. SATA Cable stands for Serial ATA Cable (Advanced Technology Attachment).
2. Serial ATA is a serial link — a single cable with a minimum of four wires creates a point-to-point connection between devices.Transfer rates for Serial ATA begin at 150MBps.
3. One of the main design advantages of Serial ATA is that the thinner serial cables facilitate more efficient airflow inside a form factor and also allow for smaller chassis designs.

PATA Cable:

1. PATA Cable stands for Parallel ATA Cable.
2. Advanced Technology Attachment (ATA) is a standard interface for connecting storage devices such as hard disks and CD-ROM drives inside personal computers.

Pen Drive:

1. Sometimes referred to as a jumpdrive, the pen drive is a portable USB flash memory device that can be used to quickly transfer audio, video, and data files from the hard drive of one computer to another.
2. It is small enough to fit into a pocket, the pen drive derives its name from the fact that many of these USB drive devices resemble a small pen or pencil in size and shape.
3. USB Pen Drive is a small keyring-sized device that can be used to easily transfer files between USB-compatible systems.

————Display Card————-
————Modem————–

————-SATA Cable————- ————-Sound Card————-

————-Labels————- ————-Hard Disk————– ————-MODEM————-

————-Components————-
————–Other Components————-
Monitor:

1. Output devices make the information resulting from the processing available for use. Th two output devices more commonly used are the printer and the computer screen. The printer produces a hard copy of your output, and the computer.

Keyboard:

1. The most commonly used input device is the keyboard on which data is entered by manually keying in or typing certain keys.
2. A keyboard typically has 101 or 110 keys.

Mouse:

1. The Mouse is a pointing device which is used to control the movement of a mouse pointer on the screen to make selections from the screen.
2. A mouse has one to five buttons. The bottom of the mouse is flat and contains a mechanism that detects movement of the mouse.